What is a Burn?
There are three types of burns. The first type, first-degree burns, occur on the outer layer of the skin. First-degree burns are characterized by redness, pain, and swelling of the skin. Second-degree burns damage both the upper and lower layers of the skin, causing pain, redness, and swelling. Third-degree burns damage deeper tissues, resulting in blackened skin and possible tissue loss. If you suspect that your burn is deep, seek medical assistance. Serious burns in individuals under 4 years old and over 60 years old are particularly risky and can result in death. Additionally, if a burn is caused by fire, there is also a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
What are the Causes of Burns?
Burns can be caused by fire, contact with hot objects, hot liquids or steam, radiation, sunlight, electricity, or certain chemicals. Damage to the respiratory tract can occur from inhaling smoke, heated air, or toxic gases.
What are the Symptoms of a Burn?
- Swelling
- Pain (there may be no pain in third-degree burns)
- Peeling skin
- Redness
- Shock (pale skin, cold sweating, weakness, blue lips)
- Charred skin
Symptoms of Respiratory Tract Damage:
- Cold sensation in the mouth
- Burned lips
- Facial burns
- Wheezing when breathing
- Changes in voice
- Coughing
- Dark-colored mucus
How to Provide First Aid for a First-Degree Burn?
For small burns and sunburns, home treatment may be possible. Rinse the burn with cool water or apply ice in a bag on the burn, or place a wet towel on the burn for a while. If you have a burn cream at home, apply it and cover the affected area with cotton to protect it from friction. Small burns can be treated this way. For second-degree and third-degree burns, seek medical help.
What Can We Do to Prevent Burns?
- Install a fire alarm
- Check batteries
- Educate children about fire safety and keep them away from matches and lighters
- Prevent children from touching hot objects like irons, ovens, and stoves
- Turn pot handles inward to avoid spills and accidents
- Place fire extinguishers in easily accessible locations at home, school, and work
- Do not leave cords plugged into outlets.
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