Vaginismus is defined as the involuntary contractions of the muscles surrounding the outer part of the vagina, which can accompany pain sensations during attempts at sexual intercourse, along with fear and anxiety.
These contractions may be accompanied by muscle spasms in other areas of the body, such as the legs and abdominal muscles, along with symptoms like leg tightening, pushing the partner away, palpitations, sweating, nausea, vomiting, feelings of faintness, and crying.
Vaginismus is a psychological disorder that manifests in the vagina and is the most common reason for clinical consultation among women's sexual dysfunctions in our country.
Key factors in the development of vaginismus include a lack of information about sexuality, misinformation, past traumatic experiences related to sexuality, negative experiences concerning the woman's societal and familial roles, and the societal view of sexuality.
It typically arises during the first experience of sexual intercourse but can persist for many years if left untreated. Additionally, it may emerge later due to complicated childbirth, surgeries, or sexual trauma.
Vaginismus is the sexual dysfunction that responds best to sexual therapy. It is essential for couples to seek therapy together. The adherence of partners to treatment and communication between them are crucial elements affecting the treatment process.
Sexual therapy is conducted by mental health professionals trained in this area. Since sexuality is not a mechanical experience, the psychological dynamics between partners, anxiety-inducing psychological factors, and misconceptions about sexuality, along with any past traumatic experiences, should be evaluated by mental health specialists.
Sexual therapy, based on cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques, includes individual and joint sessions with couples, sexual education, correcting misconceptions about sexuality, and systematic desensitization exercises to be performed at home.
The goal of therapy is not only sexual intercourse but also achieving pain-free and anxiety-free intimacy without contractions and fear.
Spc. Dr. Neşe ÖZTÜRK ATKAYA
